ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Hebei Province from 2008 to 2017, so as to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The epidemic data and laboratory detection data of HFMD from 2008 to 2017 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results From 2008 to 2017,a total of 690 368 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease, including 4 939 severe cases and 208 deaths were reported in Hebei Province, with an average annual incidence of 95.53/100 000. The largest number of reported light cases were 2009, while severe cases and deaths were in 2010. The number of reported cases increased every other year but decreased in general. In 2008, 2009 and 2012, the main peak of the onset of spring and summer was formed from April to June. In 2010, 2011 and 2013-2017, the main peak of the onset of spring and summer was from May to July. Main peak value in spring and summer showed a backward delayed trend. The sex ratio between men and women was 1.59:1.The majority of deaths case were scattered children and preschool case. Other enteroviruses, human enterovirus 71,(EV-A71) and coxasckievirus A16,(CV-A16) alternately became the main pathogens of common cases. The pathogenic composition of different cases was different and the difference was statistically significant ( 2=2274.17, P<0.001). Conclusion The number of reported deaths and severe cases has decreased significantly. It is necessary to adjust the focus of prevention and control, pay more attention to the mild cases of FHMD, and further strengthen the monitoring of other enteroviruses pathogenic spectrum.
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AIM:To explore the involvement of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract induced by Streptozotocin ( STZ) and the interventions of puerarin in order to supply references for clinical treatment. METHODS:Male SD rats were divided into four groups randomly, control group, diabetic group, apocynin group and puerarin group. The diabetic group were replicated by single injection of STZ (65mg/kg, ip). The expression of p22, p47, p67, Bax/Bcl2, Caspase 3 and P53 proteins were detected by Western Blotting. RESULTS:The diabetic rats were replicated successfully and the expression of Bcl2 was downregulated while the expression of p22, p47, p67, Bax, Caspase 3 and P53 were upregulated in diabetic group with a significant statistical differences when compared with control group (PCONCLUSION: NADPH oxidase mediated oxidative stress and P53, Bax/Bcl2 mediated apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract and puerarin can alleviate cataract greatly by inhibiting the aforementioned signal pathway.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the feature of epidemiological of rotavirus diarrhea in Lulong county, Hebei province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>426 stool specimens were collected from inpatant with acute diarrhea from children less than 5 years old. Rotavirus-positive specimens were identified by ELISA kit. G/P typing assays were confirmed with multiplex seminested RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rotavirus was detected in 202 of 426 (47.42%) specimens. Genotyping of rotavirus showed that G3 was predominant (57.9%), followed by Gmix (16.3%), G9 (14.9% ), G1 (7.9%), G4 (1%), G2 (0.5%), P-genotyping showed that P [8], Pmix, P [4], P [9], type were found in 58.4%, 28.7%, 6.9% and 1% respectively. The most common G/P combination identified was G3P [8].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Group A rotaviruses was a major pathogen of diarrhea in Children in Lulong. G3P [8] was the predominant type in 2009, Gmix and Pmix abound, and G9 serotypes has become the second predominant after G3 strain in the region.</p>